Public Report – Confidential Mode for Hyperdisk – DEK Protection Analysis
During the spring of 2024, Google engaged NCC Group to conduct a design review of Confidential Mode for Hyperdisk (CHD) architecture in order to analyze how the Data Encryption Key (DEK) that encrypts data-at-rest is protected. The project was 10 person days and the goal is to validate that the…
Non-Deterministic Nature of Prompt Injection
As we explained in a previous blogpost, exploiting a prompt injection attack is conceptually easy to understand: There are previous instructions in the prompt, and we include additional instructions within the user input, which is merged together with the legitimate instructions in a way that the underlying model cannot distinguish…
Technical Advisory – Ollama DNS Rebinding Attack (CVE-2024-28224)
Ollama is an open-source system for running and managing large language models (LLMs). NCC Group identified a DNS rebinding vulnerability in Ollama that permits attackers to access its API without authorization, and perform various malicious activities, such as exfiltrating sensitive file data from vulnerable systems.